From ancient stadiums to volcano slopes, seven experiences give an Italian trip its shape, and most of them can be booked ahead.
Gladiator-era Rome: The Colosseum is the largest ancient amphitheatre ever built and shares a ticketed visit with the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill, so booking a timed slot ahead saves queueing in season, and it is easy to plan the rest of the day around that slot.
Michelangelo's masterpiece: The Vatican Museums end in the Sistine Chapel, where Michelangelo painted the ceiling between 1508 and 1512, and St Peter's Basilica sits next door with a dress code of covered shoulders and knees, so allow a few hours and plan lunch afterwards.
Renaissance art stop: The Uffizi Gallery holds Botticelli's Birth of Venus alongside works by Leonardo and Michelangelo, and booking ahead avoids long queues, which makes it a sensible half-day anchor in Florence, and a stroll around the compact centre afterwards completes the day.
Water-bus ride: A vaporetto along the Grand Canal passes palaces and the Rialto Bridge, the oldest bridge across it, for the price of a public transport ticket, while gondola rides are a pricier private alternative, and the ride gives a useful first view of the city before you choose sights.
Roman ruins excursion: Pompeii was buried by the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79 and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Families booking October half term to Italy can reach it as a day trip from Naples or Sorrento. The site rewards a full morning.
Villa-spotting afternoon: Public ferries and private boats link Lake Como villages such as Bellagio, Varenna and Menaggio, so an afternoon on the water shows you the villas against their mountain backdrop.
Volcano day out: Guided departures climb Mount Etna by cable car, 4x4 and on foot, though how high you can go depends on current volcanic activity. They also suit anyone on solo holidays to Italy who prefers not to organise the climb alone. Booking ahead helps, because volcanic activity can change plans at short notice.